{"id":121,"date":"2013-11-02T12:46:59","date_gmt":"2013-11-02T16:46:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.bsu.edu\/research\/?p=121"},"modified":"2019-11-07T09:50:41","modified_gmt":"2019-11-07T14:50:41","slug":"outstanding-research-of-the-year-tom-holtgraves","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.bsu.edu\/research\/2013\/11\/02\/outstanding-research-of-the-year-tom-holtgraves\/","title":{"rendered":"Outstanding Research of the Year: Tom Holtgraves"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Social psychologist. Anthropologist. Linguist. Philosopher. Sociolinguist. Cognitive psychologist. Do these terms describe a specialized team of researchers or Ball State\u2019s Researcher of the Year? Tom Holtgraves brings all of these skills to his research agenda.<\/p>\n<p>Most scholars carve out a niche, perhaps studying only one aspect of language. But Tom Holtgraves, professor in psychological sciences, realizes that language spans academic boundaries. \u201cThere&#8217;s a neurological underpinning, but there&#8217;s a social side, a cultural side, and an emotional side. There&#8217;s a lot of connection there. It\u2019s a multidisciplinary phenomenon, so it makes sense to study it at multiple levels and see how those levels interact.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The majority of the research Holtgraves conducts is considered basic research, meaning that it establishes basic principles researchers can build on later. \u201cYou have an interesting question and you pursue it, and hopefully you learn things,\u201d Holtgraves explains.<\/p>\n<p>Holtgraves usually performs laboratory-based experiments requiring a wide range of participants. Lately his research has targeted adults with Parkinson&#8217;s disease and students of introductory psychology. \u201cWe have them read or listen to conversations on a computer, and then we have them do various tasks as they&#8217;re doing that,\u201d he says. \u201dWhat we&#8217;re trying to do is find out how they comprehend and what sort of deficits they might have in comprehending.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Holtgraves\u2019 research on people with Parkinson\u2019s disease has yielded two important practical discoveries: issues that people with Parkinson\u2019s have in communicating and a possible sign for early detection.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_122\" style=\"width: 260px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-122\" class=\"size-full wp-image-122\" src=\"https:\/\/bsu-wpe-blogs.s3.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2019\/07\/15165135\/Holtgraves_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"167\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-122\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Holtgraves listens as he works with psychology students.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Holtgraves is familiar with Parkinson\u2019s disease because it runs in his family. He knows firsthand how easy it can be to overlook changes brought by the disease. \u201cLanguage deficits are not as noticeable in those you\u2019ve known all your life. Of course, when my aunt did develop Parkinson\u2019s, there was a change. But it\u2019s hard to override all the years of interaction and see that. Caregivers of people with Parkinson\u2019s may not realize that the patient lacks the understanding of what is being told to them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>What Holtgraves found is that people with Parkinson\u2019s disease often do not understand indirect meaning, such as that used in sarcasm or unspoken requests. \u201cThe reason I got into Parkinson&#8217;s was that it&#8217;s a way to find out how comprehension goes wrong,\u201d Holtgraves explains. \u201cYou know what their organic deficits are; you can see how that maps onto comprehension difficulties. But the other side of it is that it increases our understanding of potential problems communicating that people with Parkinson&#8217;s might have, and that has obvious benefits in terms of treatments. The same is true with right-side brain trauma.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Funded by the National Institutes for Health, Holtgraves\u2019 work with Parkinson\u2019s patients has drawn national praise. \u201cHis applied language work with Parkinson\u2019s disease is also seminal \u2013 methodologically, empirically, and theoretically,\u201d Howie Giles, chair of the Department of Communication at the University of California Santa Barbara, says.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_124\" style=\"width: 260px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-124\" class=\"size-full wp-image-124\" src=\"https:\/\/bsu-wpe-blogs.s3.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2019\/07\/15165137\/Holtgraves_3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"250\" height=\"167\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-124\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ethan Dahl completes a measure that tests differences in comprehension between the right and left hemispheres of the brain while Tom Holtgraves instructs.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The comprehension issues in Parkinson\u2019s patients may have more significance than misunderstanding. \u201cThe other thing with Parkinson&#8217;s I\u2019m looking at with my collaborators is the possibility that some of the cognitive language deficits that we see may actually precede motor deficits. There&#8217;s a possibility that it may contribute to the early detection of Parkinson&#8217;s. The motor deficits actually may be somewhat later than the cognitive deficits that we see. This is what we&#8217;re trying to find out.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>As his Parkinson\u2019s research examines the broader aspects of language comprehension and meaning, Holtgraves also considers its limitations, zooming in on how single words can be misunderstood. He calls these words \u201cuncertainty terms.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>What does it mean when you are told, \u201cSome of the people liked your presentation\u201d? How many are \u201csome\u201d? Fifty percent? Thirty percent? Eighty percent? And what does \u201cliked\u201d mean? On a scale of one to 10, would they give it a three or an eight?<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThese are phrasings we use all the time,\u201d Holtgraves said. \u201cAnd there&#8217;s no referent for them; they are inherently ambiguous. The task is how do we fix those things in our mind? How do we interpret those things in our mind?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Supported by a multiyear National Science Foundation award, Holtgraves hopes learning the answers to these basic questions will help him with his future research. \u201cThe applied side is to try to get a handle on the sort of variables that influence how people interpret uncertainty terms and how they interpret uncertainty terms when they&#8217;re in behavioral or attitudinal surveys.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Holtgraves puts as much effort into using students as researchers as subjects.<\/p>\n<p>Working on projects that interest students has taught Holtgraves about a newer form of communication. \u201cI learned a lot about texting,\u201d he joked. With funding from a Ball State University Emerging Media Innovation Grant, he and a student have been examining linguistics in texting.<\/p>\n<p>First they looked at language. \u201cSome of it&#8217;s descriptive, so we came up with ways of categorizing all the different abbreviations and the things that are unique to texting that make it different from other forms of communication,\u201d Holtgraves says.<\/p>\n<p>Next they explored the question of whether or not texting reveals personality. To do this, they had the participants take personality measures. Then they looked at the relationship between the last 30 texts the participant had sent and his or her personality.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_123\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-123\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-123\" src=\"https:\/\/bsu-wpe-blogs.s3.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/19\/2019\/07\/15165136\/Holtgraves_Students-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-123\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Team Holtgraves discusses psychological measurement instruments during lab time.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>\u201cWe found some interesting things,\u201d Holtgraves said. \u201cFor example, people who are higher on extraversion are more likely to use what we call expansions. In texting, the usual thing is to shorten things, to use abbreviations. But there is one exception. There are times that because you don\u2019t have any sort of pitch or vocal cues, sometimes people will add a bunch of letters at the end of a word as a means of almost increasing their volume. You can\u2019t hear them, but symbolically that\u2019s what they\u2019re doing. People who are higher on extraversion are far more likely to do that than people who are more introverted. So we\u2019ve found that people\u2019s personalities are revealed in how they text.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Holtgraves sees many perks to working with student researchers. \u201cIt&#8217;s good for them \u2013 it gives them hands-on experience. It&#8217;s good for me \u2013 I get help, I get new ideas, I get energy. It&#8217;s a clich\u00e9, but I believe the researcher-teacher connection is important. I think I&#8217;m a better teacher because of the research and vice-versa. It&#8217;s very important.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Social psychologist. Anthropologist. Linguist. Philosopher. Sociolinguist. Cognitive psychologist. Do these terms describe a specialized team of researchers or Ball State\u2019s Researcher of the Year? Tom Holtgraves brings all of these skills to his research agenda. Most scholars carve out a niche, perhaps studying only one aspect of language. But Tom Holtgraves, professor in psychological sciences, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":90,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,9],"tags":[18],"class_list":["post-121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-faculty-highlights","category-researchnews","tag-2013-research-magazine"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Outstanding Research of the Year: Tom Holtgraves - Ball State University Research<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blogs.bsu.edu\/research\/2013\/11\/02\/outstanding-research-of-the-year-tom-holtgraves\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Outstanding Research of the Year: Tom Holtgraves - Ball State University Research\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Social psychologist. Anthropologist. Linguist. Philosopher. Sociolinguist. Cognitive psychologist. Do these terms describe a specialized team of researchers or Ball State\u2019s Researcher of the Year? Tom Holtgraves brings all of these skills to his research agenda. Most scholars carve out a niche, perhaps studying only one aspect of language. 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